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Standard self-propelling wheelchairs:
* This style of wheelchair can be propelled by the individual using the large rear wheels or an attendant.
* May be used on occasion or on a more regular basis.
* These wheelchairs can come in predefined sizes with limited adjustability of dimensions and set up of frame. It may be difficult to fit additional seating supports or positioning systems.
* Some components of the wheelchair may also be removable such as wheels, armrests and leg rests to assist with lifting, transport and storage.
* Other features may include attendant hand brakes, tipping bars or anti-tipping bars.
Attendant propelled wheelchairs(Transit wheelchairs):
* These have smaller rear transit wheels that cannot be pushed independently by the individual sitting in the wheelchair.
* This may offer a slightly smaller footprint which can assist with circulation. However larger wheels (even if not used for self-propulsion) can offer a more comfortable experience for the individual seated in the wheelchair or an attendant who is pushing the wheelchair.
Active user wheelchair:
* These are the lightest wheelchairs available and are often fitted for individual requirements.
* They usually have a rigid frame, but the back rest may be collapsible, allowing them to be transportable.

Considerations:
The Client:
* The age of the client. Future changes in body dimensions and weight. Growth issues (scoliosis / kyphosis). Postural requirements, tone and involuntary movement if present. Consider present and future requirements
* Cognitive issues and perception
* Method of transfer. Many active user wheelchairs have front casters which extend further then a standard wheelchair making transfers difficult.
* Endurance and fatigue - Manual propulsion, power options
* Continence (washable covers are available)
* What are the user's functional goals?
* Are further seat/back cushion accessories needed and can the chair accommodate these?
The Environment:
* Are there steps, thresholds or other surface inconsistencies?
* Is it to be used in confined spaces?
* Can the user fit under a table or do they need a tray?
* Is the wheelchair available for trial around the home environment before purchase?
* Where is the chair to be used - inside / outside use? Ground surface, rough or even, steep terrain
* How much time will the user spend in the chair? Is there an alternative seating option?
* Manoeuvrability of the chair. What is the chairs footprint?

Transport:
When transporting a person in a wheelchair in a car or van, both the occupant and the wheelchair require an RMS (formerly RTA) approved restraint system. The wheelchair and the occupant need to be separately secured to the vehicle itself.
RMS approval is not required for a postural support, such as a harness, that supports the user in the wheelchair but is not part of the vehicle restraint system.
The use of a headrest is not legally required but strongly recommended. Easily detachable, folding headrests which fit a wheelchair with standard push handles are available.
* Manual folding wheelchairs are easily folded for transport and storage. Consider trialling folding the wheelchair before purchasing.
* Consider portable ramps, hoists, lifts, and alternative vehicle options

Pressure Cushions:
The type of cushion chosen should reflect the need and risk involved. There is a large range available e.g. foam, air, gel, other or combination. Consider if a cover for incontinence needs to be purchased. Cushions should have a two way stretch cover to assist with maintaining pressure relieving properties while the user is seated.

Considerations

Wheelchair Restraints
When transporting a person in a wheelchair in a car or van, both the occupant and the wheelchair require a Roads and Maritime Services (RMS) approved restraint system. The wheelchair and the occupant need to be separately secured to the vehicle itself.

RMS approval is not required for a postural support, such as a harness that supports the user in the wheelchair but is not part of the vehicle restraint system.
The use of a headrest is not legally required but strongly recommended. Easily detachable, folding headrests which fit a wheelchair with standard push handles are available. Contact the supplier or refer to section Wheelchair, Scooter, Cushions, ramps / Postural Supports - Seating System: Restraint, Head, Back, & Seats

Options

Options may include (not available in all wheelchairs. Always check with the supplier to see if these features are available):

* Detachable leg rests
* Footplates
* Anti-tip bars
* Seat belt
* Quick release wheels
* Fold down back rest

Maintenance

All wheelchairs require regular maintenance. Refer to User Manual for specific details.

Standards

Standards
Some assistive technology needs to meet Australian or other standards. Standards may relate to materials, manufacturing and installation. Products that meet Australian or international standards will have written certification. To find out if a product meets Australian Standards ask the supplier to show you the certificate. For more information about standards also see
http://at-aust.org/home/assistive_technology/standards.html

TGA
Many of the items on the Assistive Technology Australia website are categorised as a Medical Device. Medical devices that are approved for use in Australia have been entered into a national database called the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG), which is maintained by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). You can ask the supplier for the ARTG number for the device you wish to purchase and search the ARTG for the entry. To access information on the ARTG visit www.tga.gov.au

When buying a medical device it is advisable to only choose a medical device that is recommended by a healthcare professional and has been included on the ARTG.